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Even though there are 26 rows displayed, you only use the rows which correspond to the unique letters in the key.įor example: If the message to be encrypted is " GOODMORNING " and the keyword is " HELLO " then the plaintext and key are written as follows:įor successive letters of the message, take successive letters of the key and encrypt each plaintext letter using its corresponding key row as a Caesar cipher. In the Vigenère square, each row begins with a key letter. Z Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q S R T U V W X YĪt each point in the encryption, the cipher uses a different alphabet from one of these rows, depending on the corresponding letter of the repeated keyword.Īfter creating the original message (the "plaintext"), you must choose a keyword and repeat it until it matches the length of the plaintext (the "key"). Y Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q S R T U V W X X X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q S R T U V W W W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q S R T U V V V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q S R T U U U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q S R T T T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S S S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R R R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q Q Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P P P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O O O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N N N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M M M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L L L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K K K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J J J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I I I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H H H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G
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G G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F To encrypt, you use a table of alphabets, known as a Vigenère table, Vigenère square, or a tabula recta, which consists of the alphabet written 26 times in different rows, with each alphabet shifted cyclically to the left compared to the one in the row above (this illustrates the 26 possible Caesar ciphers):Ī B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZĪ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Zī B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z AĬ C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A Bĭ D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B CĮ E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C Dį F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E The Processes of Encryption and Decryption
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This encryption method is named after French diplomat and cryptographer Blaise de Vigenère, although it had been described centuries earlier by Italian cryptographer Giovan Battista Bellaso.
POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER DECRYPTION TOOL SERIES
The Vigenère Cipher is a simple form of polyalphabetic substitution through which alphabetic text is encrypted using a series of Caesar ciphers with different shift values based on the letters of a keyword.